Organelles

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Eukaryotic cells have various smaller membrane bound regions inside them, which may have started as symbionts. Typical organelles are

mitochondrion
chloroplast - where light energy is converted into ATP molecular energy in plants
lysosome - where proteins are digested
cell nucleus
Golgi complex - where the proteins due to be released from the cell are assembled
peroxisomes (in animals) and glyoxisomes (in plants) - where fatty acids and amino acids are degraded
flagella and cilia - hairs which give the cell mobility or move liquids past the outside of the cell